These studies indicate that long-chain FFA, in physiological concentrations, can markedly stimulate insulin secretion by a direct effect on the pancreas. The results lend support to the concept of insulin as a hormone that is importantly involved in regulating the metabolism of all three principal classes of metabolic substrates and whose release is in turn regulated by all of them.
So why almost no insulin response to just a fat meal? Because most of the ingested fats are transported as triglycerides in chylomicrons. But NEFA release from adipose tissue with fat ingestion may be responsible for the slight response seen early on. This may well be the mechanism for elevated basal insulin in the obese. It's our body's attempt to keep circulating NEFA levels in check.
This would be consistent with a direction of causality that fat accumulation (due to chronic positive energy balance) --> elevated NEFA --> contributes to baseline hyperinsulinemia.
This would be consistent with a direction of causality that fat accumulation (due to chronic positive energy balance) --> elevated NEFA --> contributes to baseline hyperinsulinemia.
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